吉尔吉斯斯坦前总理评习近平“一带一路”

央广网副总编辑伍刚专访吉尔吉斯斯坦前总理卓奥玛尔特·奥托尔巴耶夫

吉尔吉斯斯坦前总理卓奥玛尔特·奥托尔巴耶夫（DjoomartOtorbaev)29日在北京师范大学新兴市场研究院接受央广网独家专访时高度评价中国国家主席习近平提出的“一带一路”倡议，创新推动“一带一路”能够促进不同国家或不同组织间的合作，我们现在所经历的许多工业革命成果都推进了区域协作，例如人工智能、激光打印以及生物医药技术等，中国在第四次工业革命中扮演重要角色。现在的许多发明成果与科学研究都起始于中国。我们不仅要享用这些成果，更要进行发明创新。中国完全有能力做到这一点。“一带一路”有着良好的组织原则，基础深厚。我们现在期待决策者们出台更多措施推进项目的进行。高效推动“一带一路”会带动国家间协作，促进科技发展，改善国际关系，最终造福人类。

一、“一带一路”能够促进不同国家或不同组织间合作，随着第四次工业革命到来，中国在工业革命中扮演重要角色

记者：在2015年3月的博鳌亚洲论坛上，中国国家主席习近平宣布“一带一路”建设的愿景与行动文件已经制定。他强调，“一带一路”建设秉持的是共商、共建、共享原则，不是封闭的，而是开放包容的；不是中国一家的独奏，而是沿线国家的合唱。请问您对此怎么评价？

吉尔吉斯斯坦前总理卓奥玛尔特·奥托尔巴耶夫：My own analysis of this is that the initiative is indeed an invitation to cooperation and better connectivityfor all the countries and regions in the world. Now everyone should look into details, work hard, in particular case about what each region and each country will do. And I believe this is a very good initiative, which hasvery good principles and statements, foundations. It is goodand couldwork well. But now it`s time for the decision makers--academia and businesses--to find out more about whatparticular steps to be taken. There is lots of work to be done. Including communication strategies—that’s whymass media is so important. And explanations. Because there were kinds of announcements buta lot of things have to be explained in different parts of the worldl.

我认为“一带一路”倡议的本质是邀请全世界不同国家、不同地区进行合作，使彼此更加紧密相连。世界各国需要为之努力，并注意研究细节，比如各国、各地区应该做什么。“一带一路”倡议是件好事，因为它的原则、声明、基础都很好。我很看好它。我们现在希望学界和商界的决策者开始研究应该做哪些具体工作，因为要做的确实不少，包括沟通策略以及大众媒体的传播。之前关于这一倡议已发布了许多公告，而现在需要在世界各地解释更多的细节。

记者：我们在一千多年前走过了古老的丝绸文明。现在进入了信息时代。也就是第四次工业革命时代。我们如何在信息时代创新、实践、实施“一带一路”战略？

吉尔吉斯斯坦前总理卓奥玛尔特·奥托尔巴耶夫：Yes. I think that not only China but all countries around the world should fully use the achievements of the fourth industrial revolution. First of all, better connectivity, artificial intelligence, 3-d printers, bio and nano technologies. Everything to strengthen its own achievements and make lives of people better. But also (China) as a big country to be ambitious to be the part of the nextindustial revolution, their inventions, researches, top developments will have origination from here. Not only to use the achievements, but to generate new discoveries, new inventions. This is something which China is completely capable to do.

是的。我认为不仅仅是中国，而是世界各国都应该充分利用第四次工业革命的成果来取得更大的成就、提升人民的生活水平。这些成果包括人工智能、3d打印、生物和纳米技术等。中国作为一个大国，应该有志向在下一次工业革命中扮演重要角色，使得下一次革命中更多的发明成果与科学研究起始于中国。中国不仅仅应该享用这些成果，更要进行发明创新。中国完全有能力做到这一点。

二、“一带一路”不是一个扶贫项目，而是促进互惠互利构建双赢局面，中亚内陆国家非常欢迎“一带一路”带动沿线城市的崛起

记者：我们都知道中国有句古话叫雪中送炭。“一带一路”的提出是在新的全球化时代构建人类命运共同体的愿景。您如何看待“一带一路”在构建人类命运共同体的进程中如何给沿线的国家带来雪中送炭的效果。

吉尔吉斯斯坦前总理卓奥玛尔特·奥托尔巴耶夫：It`s not a develop assistance program or grants. It`s an invitation to cooperation and better connectivityon mutual cooperation. It`s not somebody will feed another. All parties involved will work together to make better trade, better investment, better copperation, exchange, to benefit each other. It is not a donor with a recipient. It will be a win-win cooperation of these countries.

“一带一路”不是一个扶贫项目，不是送钱，而是在合作的基础上促进协作、建立更紧密联系的契机。这不是一方对另一方的施舍。参与这一倡议的各方应团结合作，推动贸易、投资、交流，互惠互利。这不是援助国和受援国的关系，而是国家间的双赢局面。

记者：去年中国在与东盟联合举行的东盟博览会提出了共建数字信息港的项目。去年在宁夏举办的中国和阿拉伯博览会上，提出了构建数字丝绸之路。请问中亚国家许多内陆国家如何在这种数字化丝绸之路或者信息港这种信息化基础设施建设上，有哪些可以合作的潜力和愿景。

吉尔吉斯斯坦前总理卓奥玛尔特·奥托尔巴耶夫：It`s equally valid for all the countries around the world which have equal opportunities to get access to better technologies now. And also affordable. It`s not very expensive so that you can`t afford it. So, countries in central Asia can equally get benefits out of getting access to top education via internet to more reliable and quality information. Everythingis now coming easier to all countries around the world. Thepoint about Central Asiais that those countries are land-locked without getting access to the sea. That is why One Belt and One Road initiative is so important. Finally there could be a reliable access to the seas, in order to strengthen and improve the quality of trade, improved logistics, make the cost of logistics lower.Of course these countries welcome the initiative. It`s the restoration of the great silk road, which our ancestors used veryefficiently. It was one of the most prosperous part of the world, because it wastrade roads. Excellent cities grew along the road. People whichlived there created great excellent knowledge and excellent cultural treasures. Because these were very prosperous economic regions. And I don’t see why it cannot be repeated.

当今世界，每个国家都同样有权力享受高科技带来的便捷。高科技并不意味着昂贵。所以我们中亚国家也可以通过互联网获得高水平教育、掌握可靠高质的信息资源，从中受益。全世界所有国家获取信息的渠道都更便利了。中亚国家处于内陆、远离海洋，通过“一带一路”，我们的贸易路线终于能延伸至海洋，发展更多更好的，降低运输成本。所以这些国家非常欢迎“一带一路”倡议。这是恢复伟大的丝绸之路；我们的祖先曾经高效地利用过这条路。这条路所经区域曾是世界上最繁华的地区，因为贸易路线周围的沿线城市借此繁荣昌盛，人民创造了丰富的知识和文化遗产。根本原因是，这里曾是经济繁盛的地区。而我认为这一切将会再次重演。

三、南南合作、新兴市场与新兴经济体合作带动世界的发展繁荣，我们有义务走一条可持续发展道路

记者：我们都知道去年北京的新兴市场论坛，您提出了“一带一路”需要沿线国家的人民的参与。在全球化经济形势增长日益严峻的挑战下，新兴市场在践行“一带一路”的愿景和实施战略过程中，我们如何为世界经济的增长提供动力。

吉尔吉斯斯坦前总理卓奥玛尔特·奥托尔巴耶夫：In our world, emerging countries are demonstrating quicker economic growth in general than the rest of the world. This is a good signal. So what if the so called south-to-south cooperation will be strengthened. It`s very natural tendency that emerging markets and emerging economies will be more closer cooperating with each other, enhancing economies of each other. With that, it also brings more prosperity to the rest of the world. So south-to-south cooperation is valuable for many different reasons. So more advanced countries will show to lessadvanced countries how to make reforms, how to improve economies, how to help people, how to build better education, better health care, and social protection. This is whycooperation, inter-connectivity and inclusivenessof all these processes is so important.

现在新兴国家对世界经济的增长贡献远超其他国家。这是好信号。南南合作的日益加强也是自然而然的。新兴市场、新兴经济体的合作会日渐紧密，增加彼此的经济。这一现象会带动世界其他地区的发展繁荣。所以无论从哪个角度看，南南合作都非常必要，比较发达的国家能在更多领域给予欠发达国家帮助，比如传授改革和经济建设的经验，解决脱贫、教育、医疗、社会保障等问题。所以，在这些方面，保持合作、加强联系、提倡包容都是十分重要的。

记者：去年的联合国千年发展峰会上提出的“后2015”愿景和目标。到2030年，一系列的目标已经明朗。请问我们的“一带一路”与南南合作，在联合国的“后2015”计划中，找到哪些对接点？有哪些可以突破的方向？

吉尔吉斯斯坦前总理卓奥玛尔特·奥托尔巴耶夫：It`s absolutely all the countries which signed these sustainable development goalsinitiatives committed to make radical changes to their policies to meet these criteria. All countries recognize that the more they will be interacting, communicating and cooperating, the quicker they will be achieving these goals. The better economy, greener approach, the better humans will be developing. So, of course, countries by signing thesedeclarations take obligations to develop these economies in a sustainable way. Of course the One Belt and One Road will include those elementsto its main programs.

已签署可持续发展目标的国家都承诺会做出实质性政策改变，以期望达到这些目标。所有国家都意识到，要想更快地达到目标，我们必须进行更多的交流与协作。只有经济发展得好、以绿色方式发展，人类才能最终受益。各签字国有义务走一条可持续发展道路。当然，“一带一路”倡议也会包括这些内容。

四、“一带一路”克服贸易壁垒、意识形态差异、政策性障碍、政治误解问题，很多国家都会从“一带一路”项目中受益

记者：我们知道古老的丝绸之路曾经是一条非常成功的促进阿拉伯文明和中华文明交流的和平之路。发展始终是沿线人民的第一要义。请问在未来的“一带一路”建设过程中，如何通过发展促进和平，如何通过和平保障发展？未来中国和您的国家如何构建一个合作共赢的典范？

吉尔吉斯斯坦前总理卓奥玛尔特·奥托尔巴耶夫：It`s obvious that upon reiteration of this initiative,all countries which will participate in these processeswill benefit. It`s not only wordings, it is also programs, it is also financial resources, human resources available to improve lives of people. So more trade, less red tapes on theborders, open competition, the better will be the future world. These resultin specificities to specific regions, and this will bring benefit to all countries which will participate.

我们重申“一带一路”倡议：“一带一路”未来的参与国显然都将从中受益。这不只是空头承诺，而是实在的项目、经济资源、人力资源等，这都会带动生活质量的提高。当我们推动贸易交流、减少过境的繁琐手续、推动公开竞争时，未来的世界会更加美好，对每个国家都有特别的好处，所有的参与国都能从中受益。

记者：我们知道愿景总是美好的。未来也是美好的。在前进的道路上又总是坎坷的。请问我们现在最需要克服的挑战和面临的最大问题是什么。如何跨越这一挑战，拥抱机遇，迎来更美好的以结果为导向的明天？

吉尔吉斯斯坦前总理卓奥玛尔特·奥托尔巴耶夫：The world is changing extremely quickly. There are horizontal complexities, which actually borders ideological hurdles. The entities can be named under one title, which is politics. So the main challenge and main potential obstacle for this initiative are political misunderstanding problems. If those problems could be avoided, then I think the initiative will have a good chance for success. And I believe that the current 4th industrial revolution will bring the world better connectivity, better technologies, it will improve relationships between different countries with different political systems, to make the foreword for a better future for all mankind.

当今世界变化莫测，包括各国之间的复杂问题，主要是意识形态问题。这些问题可被统称为政治问题。所以，“一带一路”可能遇到的最大问题是国与国间的政治误解问题。如果这些问题能够避免，我对这个项目将充满信心。第四次工业革命将会使它会带动国家间联系更近，促进科技发展，改善不同政体下的各国关系，最终造福人类。